篆书书法字典

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Seal script is a general term for oracle bone script, great seal script, and small seal script. Oracle bone script, which has a history of three thousand years, is the earliest recognizable writing passed down. It was mainly used for divination. The strokes are thin, strong, and straight, with more straight lines. The starting strokes can be square, round, or pointed, and there are many "hanging needle" strokes at the end of the strokes. Great seal script refers to bronze inscriptions, Zhou wen (an ancient style of Chinese characters), and the scripts of the six states. They retain the obvious characteristics of ancient pictographic characters. Small seal script, also known as "Qin seal script", is the common writing of the Qin State and a simplified font of great seal script. Its characteristics are that the shape is uniform and neat, and the font is easier to write than Zhou wen.
During the period of Fuxi in pre-Qin China, characters came into being. Archaeologists have demonstrated that oracle bone script was engraved on tortoise shells and animal bones. Because it was used for divination and predicting good or bad luck, it was called "divinatory inscriptions". However, it already had the basic elements of Chinese calligraphy art: the use of the brush, structure, and composition, etc. During the Yin and Zhou dynasties, the inscriptions cast on bells, tripods, and other vessels, that is, bronze inscriptions, also known as "bell and tripod inscriptions", were widely popular.
After Qin Shi Huang unified the country, it was collectively called "small seal script", also known as "Qin seal script".
The bronze inscriptions of Zhou Dynasty Taishi Zhou You's seal script in the Song Dynasty's engraved "Great View Calligraphy Copybook"
(3 pictures of the bronze inscriptions of Zhou Dynasty Taishi Zhou You's seal script in the Song Dynasty's engraved "Great View Calligraphy Copybook")
The so-called seal script is actually official script, that is, official documents. It is a standardized general font for official documents. According to historical records, there was no specific name for Chinese character scripts before the Qin Dynasty, and small seal script gradually evolved from the characters of the Qin State during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. Since it was official script, small seal script was only suitable for grand occasions, such as inscriptions on stones to record merits, official documents on measuring vessels, and tiger-shaped military tallies. The standard form of seal script is neatly arranged, with round strokes, and the lines are uniform and long, presenting a solemn and beautiful style. Compared with oracle bone script and bronze inscriptions, it has the following basic characteristics: the font is slender, with tight strokes, extending downward, forming a visual illusion of being dense at the top and sparse at the bottom, which is also related to the layout from top to bottom. The lines are symmetrical. Regardless of the length of the strokes, the strokes are all of the same thickness. This kind of writing with uniform strength and speed gives people a sense of pure and simple beauty. Coupled with the tendency of the font structure to be more concise and fixed, the layout of seal script can form a more orderly arrangement in horizontal and vertical rows. There are differences between round-stroke and square-stroke seal scripts in Qin. The round-stroke seal script is represented by Qin engraved stones; the square-stroke seal script is represented by Qin official document measuring vessels, which is the vulgar form of Qin seal script.
Between the Han and Wei dynasties, Qin seal script was at the end of its decline. Except for being used in the inscriptions on the foreheads of steles and the inscriptions on utensils, there was rarely independent seal script.
In the Tang Dynasty, seal script revived because of Li Yangbing, but the thick and grand atmosphere of Qin seal script had disappeared completely.
In the Song Dynasty, the study of inscriptions on ancient bronzes and stone tablets and the ancient-style calligraphy trend in the Yuan Dynasty made seal script have a small upsurge. There were many people famous for seal script, but few had the power to surpass predecessors.
In the Ming Dynasty, following the trend of the Yuan Dynasty, there was no progress.
In the Qing Dynasty, seal script flourished, entering a stage of great prosperity where it surpassed